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There are several articles in the literature that warn against using ping/ICMP measurements measurements of RTT compared to TCP and UDP measurements. See for example:
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In 1998 we compared the round trip times (RTT) and losses measured by ping with those measured between sending the SYN pacjet packet for a TCP stream and receiving the ACK back. we found that the distributions agreed well, e.g. the median and average RTTs and losses agreed well (well within the Inter Quartile Range) of the distributions.
Since then there may have been increased de-prioritizing which could increase the differences in the two types of measurements, we decided to re-evaluate the differences.
It would be good to quantitatively understand these differences and understand how they manifest themselves (e.g. region of world for targets, ipv4 and ipv6).
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The output is in comma separated value format and is exported to Excel (one file for IPv4, one for IPv6) where it is analyzed to look at the histograms of average(ping_rtt)-Average(nping_rtt). ThE script was run from a host (pinger.slac.stanford.edu) located st SLAC in Norhern California in the San Franscisco Bay Area. The distribution histograms show that the agreement between ping and nping average RTT is good:
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