Beam Position Monitors, Toroids, Faraday Cup, Bunch Length
Stripline BPM Attenuators
The 'Reference Charge' is the beam charge for which the front-end attenuation is minimal, i.e., the sensitivity is maximal.
The attenuation is set to:
L [LCLSH:dB] = 20*Log10(Qbeam/Qref)