Introduction
To try and show the network performance trends within Pakistan in 2010 Amber created a graph showing the inter-regional average RTT performance over the whole year.
Understanding the large variations Jan-Apr 2010
We were concerned about the large variations seen in January 210 through May 2010. Zafar suggested the problem might be to do with the congestion of the links. Jitter (Inter Packet Delay Variation - IPDV) tends to be a good indicator of queuing/congestion, so he suggested looking at this.
The IPDV shows similar behavior to the average RTT: 
We then looked to see what portion of the larger IPDV early in the year was related to adding now monitoring and remote hosts. If we select the same host-pairs in both say Nov 2010 and April 2010 then the improvement ((ipdv(Apr)-ipdv(Nnov))/ipdv(Apr) in IPDV is about 47%. Thus things have improved with lower IPDVs for the selected host pairs.
Comparing for Nov 2010 the average IPDV for all pairs with that for just the pairs in both April 2010 and November 2010 one gets 5.13ms verses 4.58. Thus some of the reduction appears to be due to the new hosts added.
We also looked at the growth in the number of monitors and host pairs being monitored over 2010, see below: 
It is seen that between May and Jun the number of pairs rises significantly, prior to this there are less than 100. It is suspected taht this is partially the cause of the more stable values of IPDV following this date.
Returning to the average RTT graph, we believe it is less confusing to mainly focus on the data from May 2010 onwards, in order to remove the effects of small statistics.
Differences in RTTs for regions
Looking at the data for November 2010 it is seen that the average RTts to Karachi and Lahore are two to three times less than those to Quetta, Islamabad and Peshawar. This needs to be investigated.