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The throughputs measured to Africa from N. America for the last decade are shown below in the left hand figure. It is seen that not only do African sites lag the rest of the world in throughput being roughly in the state that European sites were over a decade and a half ago, but also they are falling further behind. Further, bear in mind that for Africa, Mediterranean countries and South Africa have the better perfomance and E. Africa is probably the worst off. Thus the arrival of a terrestrial submarine fibre cable link to the rest of the world for E. Africa is a very significant development.
The minimum RTTs measured from SLAC to African countries in August 2009 is seen below. On the right is seen a map of the over 165 sites that PingER monitors in 50 countries in Africa. The red dots indicate PinGER monitoring sites, the blue are beacon sites that are monmitored by all monitoring sites, and the green are other sites monitored by at least one monitoring site.
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="unmigrated-wiki-markup" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="c29ad8194f80e49c-4dcc1a50-4ed3460d-a4b2bb8e-e50eb3ac8ebbe383cd048216"><ac:plain-text-body><![CDATA[ | Throughput to Africa | MinRTT from SLAC - Aug. 2009 [[xls | ^map-africa-minrtt-aug2009.xls]] | PingER Coverage in Africa | ]]></ac:plain-text-body></ac:structured-macro> |
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It can be seen that NRENs are being created. Below on the left and in the middles middle are the routes taken from South Africa to other African countries in September 2005 and August 2009 and on the right the routes from Burkina Faso to other African countries in August 2009. In the middle map countries which were only accessible by satellite have horizontal shading lines.
<ac:structured-macro ac:name="unmigrated-wiki-markup" ac:schema-version="1" ac:macro-id="0e69af21c02aa985-17f7766f-4ce74ec5-b4959a46-f051ec67a097f925f1eef599"><ac:plain-text-body><![CDATA[ | Routing from South Africa to African Countries (Sep '05) | Routing from South Africa to African Countries (Aug '09) [[xls | ^routing-africa-aug2009.xls]] | Routing from Burkina Faso to African Countries (Aug '09) [[xls | ^routing-africa-aug2009.xls]] | ]]></ac:plain-text-body></ac:structured-macro> |
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In September 2005 most traffic from South Africa to the rest of Africa took costly international links, only Botswana and Zimbabwe had direct routes. The situation has improved recntly as direct reoutes from South Africa to namibiaand Botswana wrew adfded. More details on the routes to African countries from several measurement points around the world measured in Spring 2009 can be seen in a spreadsheet of African routing and inferences.
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