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If you install a VM using a "server" image, then you can install the desktop related packages (and get a GUI login screen, etc) using 'apt install ubuntu-desktop' or 'apt install ubuntu-gnome-desktop'
| Command | Relevent Pathname | Package Name | Purpose / Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
apt update | update repository metadata | ||
apt upgrade | install all pending updates | ||
apt-cache policy | /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ | list repository sources | |
| /var/log/apt/ /var/log/dpkg.log /var/log/aptitude /var/log/unattended-upgrades/ | log file locations relevent to software management | ||
dpkg-query --list | list all installed packages | ||
dpkg-query --listfiles <package-name> | list all files owned by <package-name> | ||
dpkg-query --search <filename-pattern> | find out which installed package owns a filename | ||
apt-file search <filename-pattern> | apt-file | find out which package would install <filename-pattern>. package does not need to be installed already | |
aptitude install <package-name>apt install <package-name>apt-get install <package-name> | aptitude | install <package-name{ tip: use tab completion for actions and package names | |
apt show <package-name> | show details about <package-name>, including repository | ||
debconf-show <package-name> | /var/cache/debconf | show configuration options and current values of <package-name> | |
dpkg-reconfigure <package-name> | reconfigures packages after they have already been installed. | ||
aptitude changelog <package-name> | displays the changelog for <package-name> | ||
aptitude search <package-name-pattern> | search for packages which match <package-name-pattern> | ||
aptitude download <package-name> | downloads the .deb file for the given package to the current directory | ||
aptitude --simulate <action> | print the actions that would normally be performed, but don't | ||
man deb | man page describing deb package format | ||
dpkg-deb --raw-extract <package.deb> <directory> | extracts contents of <package-deb> to <directory>, including the control information files into a DEBIAN subdirectory | ||
apt-cache search meta package | list of all meta packages (a package name that installs a group of other packages) | ||
aptitude search ~o | list of packages which do not have an associated repository (ie, they cannot be downloaded or updated via the standard apt repositories on the host) |
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