Following a suggestion by Jan Strube, the confluence LaTeX plugin has been installed. This allows LaTeX equations to be embedded in confluence pages like this

\[z \left( 1 \ +\ \sqrt{\omega_{i+1} + \zeta -\frac{x+1}{\Theta +1} y + 1}\ \right)\ \ \ =\ \ \ 1\]

More examples are available here.