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South Asia Case Study

Min RTT and Packet Loss of South Asian Countries

Pakistan

The Pakistan's sole under sea optical fiber link, called Southeast Asia, Middle East and Western Europe-3 (SEAMEWE-3), stopped working due to a fault from
27th June to the 8th of July 2005. This disruption halted the global connectivity of almost 10 million internet users in the country. The details  can be found here.
Recently Pakistan has connected to SEMEW4 which provides Pakistan with a redundant link in case the outage occurs again. Here is the complete story
http://www.pkblogs.com/pakistan/2006/01/smw4-mitigates-total-blackouts.html Here is a case study of Internet connectivity of NUST Institute of Information Technology (NIIT) that was done in 2004  Internet performance for NIIT, Pakistan Jan - Feb 2004   PERN - Pakistan Education and Research Network is a nationwide educational intranet connecting premiere educational and research institutions of the country.

Bangladesh

 SEMEW4 has greatly effected the internet connectivity of Bangladesh, before this Bangladesh  relied  on VSAT for Internet connectivity.
Most of the sites now have moved to fiber but some of them are still on satellite. We used our HostSearcher tool which searches for sites on Google.
Out of 20 sites that we located in Bangladesh 3 had min RTT > 500 ms indicating that they are on satellite. Bangladesh has now got 2 STM-1 links with
MCI and Singtel.

There is a 2004 presentation at http://www.apng.org/xoops/modules/camp/download/72-3-1.ppt that explains the situation in Bangladesh.
Contact for main Universities in Bangladesh   http://www.nsrc.org/db/lookup/report.php?id=1098894702546:489036339&fromISO=BD
Acedemic Networking in Bangladesh               http://www.nsrc.org/db/lookup/report.php?id=42&fromISO=BD
South Asian Network Operators Group V         http://www.sanog.org/sanog5/index.html

Bhutan

In March 2005, NSRC donated a couple of routers, a switch, and some wireless Access Points for the first incarnation of the RUB network. Steve Huter
has been working some with the main engineer doing the network design, deploy, etc. for the university network. In close collaboration with his good friend,
Gaurab Upadhaya, who is part of this planning group, NSRC collaborated with SANOG (www.sanog.org) to organize and teach in a couple of the first tech
workshops held in Bhutan for local networkers, including some participation from the education sector.
http://ws.edu.isoc.org/workshops/2005/pre-SANOG-VI/
http://ws.edu.isoc.org/workshops/2005/SANOG-VI/
 
Steve Huter also paid a visited to Bhutan in November and the situation there is relatively simple. There had been a number of colleges spread throughout the country and a few years ago they were assimilated into the new Royal University of Bhutan (RUB). The university is building a RUBWAN, a fiber network linking all the constituent colleges. There is also a fiber link to India from Bhutan, so they  are relatively quite advanced. The hub of the network will be in a new Vice Chancellor's building in Thimphu, the capital, which is the planning stage. 

Maldives

We found two hosts in Maldives, (the traceroute results showed that the second last hop was through Itlay). The site has been added to the PingER Guthrie
database. Later on we came to know by Guarab that at the start of 2007 the Maldives were connected through the SMW4 fibre as a result of collaboration between Dhiraagu and Telecom Italia Sparkle. There is an interesting report on Maldives Internet Connectivity at www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/cs/maldives/material/CS_MDV_part3.pdf
Here is a press release from Telecom Italia Sparkle http://www.telecomitaliasparkle.com/press_info/press_info_index/event17.htm

Nepal

A presentation about the internet connectivity in Nepal can be found  here. Recently Nepal Telecom struck a deal with Indian BSNL so now the land locked Nepal will have access via optical fibre. Previously they were largly dependent on VSAT. Here is the complete story  Out of the nodes that PingER monitors in Nepal one is connected through Indian BSNL (koshi.ioe.edu.np) with a average RTT of 330 ms. The other one is connected directly to New York through a Satellite link (most.gov.np) with an average RTT of  550 ms.

Afghanistan 

We have three sites in Afghanistan and they were quite hard to get. Also these sites have min RTT greater than 700 ms which indicates that they are on satellite. On March 10, 2003, Afghanistan went live on the Web which was previous banned under the Taliban rule. The Internet infrastructure in Afghanistan is immature and the pricing for internet is quite high.

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