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Routes to neighbours
as seen from Japan

Routes to neighbours
as seen from South Korea

Routes to neighbours
as seen from China

Routes to neighbours
as seen from Taiwan

The trace route traceroute results originating from China show that generally China is directly connected with its neighbouring countries. The exceptional cases are that of the links with Vietnam and Thailand. In case of Vietnam, the traffic is routed via United Kingdom and Hong Kong, where as in case of Thailand, the traffic flows either via Hong Kong and Japan or directly.China to China: Direct 
China to Japan: China-> Japan
China to Thailand: China->Hong Kong->Japan->Thailand OR China -> Thailand
China to Indonesia: China-> Indonesia
China to Singapore: China ->Hong Kong->Japan->Singapore
China to Malaysia: China->Hong Kong->Malaysia
China to Korea: China-> Korea
China to Vietnam: China->Hong Kong-> United Kingdom->Hong Kong-> Vietnamto its neighbours i.e. Taiwan, South Korea and Japan. However in some cases, the results (annotated, raw) show that traffic destined for South Korea is either routed via Japan (#7, 114 ms) or Japan and US (#16, 209 ms) or Hong Kong and United Kingdom (#54).  As expected, when the destination is within China, the traffic stays within China.

Looking at the trace routes from Japan to its neighbours, it is observed that traffic either flows directly or via United States, unlike China where most of the traffic to the same countries flowed via Hong Kong.
Japan to Japan: Direct
Japan to China: Japan -> United States (New York) ->Hong Kong -> China OR  Japan->China
Japan to Vietnam: Japan -> Vietnam  
Japan to Korea: Japan -> United States(Colorado) -> Korea_ _
Japan to Thailand: Japan  -> United States(New York) -> Canada -> Thailand
Japan to Malaysia: Japan -> United States(Colorado) -> Malaysia 
Japan to Singapore: Japan -> Singapore  

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