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ALICE and RedCLARA
Since its launch in September 2004, the ALICE project has been a key component in reducing disparities within Latin America by bridging the "Digital Divide" both within the region and with the rest of the world. The project has enabeled Latin American researchers to become key players in the global research community.
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On September 1 of 2004, RedCLARA began to provide direct connectivity with 155 Mbps, in "a ring" topology, linking the NRENs of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Panama and Mexico, and connecting them to GÉANT at 622 Mbps throughout a connection between São Paulo, Brazil, and Madrid, Spain.

Minimum RTT and Packet Loss from US to Latin American Countries

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Figure shows the Min RTT and packet loss to Latin American countries from SLAC. Mexico seems to have the least RTT and acceptable loss due to its direct connectivity with the US. Argentina, Brazil and Chile are also performing reasonably well.  Bolivia, Ecuador and Paraguay are catching up. However Cuba is still stuck to satellite and the performance is dreadful.