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...

Code Block
from optparse import OptionParser

def input_option_parser() :

    def_fname = 'spec-xppi0412-r0060-20120507-125420.198726277.txt'
    def_cols = 100

    parser = OptionParser(description='Process optional input parameters.', usage = "usage: %prog [options]")
    parser.add_option('-f', '--fname', dest='fname', default=def_fname, action='store', type='string', help='input file name')
    parser.add_option('-c', '--cols', dest='cols', default=def_cols, action='store', type='int', help='number of columns in the image array')
    parser.add_option('-v', dest='verbose', action='store_true',  help='set flag to print more details',  default=True)
    parser.add_option('-q', dest='verbose', action='store_false', help='set flag to print less details')
    (opts, args) = parser.parse_args()

    print 'opts:',opts
    print 'args:',args

    return (opts, args)

Manipulation with directories and files

...

Dictionaris, Lists, etc

Make dictionary from two lists

Code Block
k = ['a', 'b', 'c'] v = [1, 2, 3]  d = dict(zip(keys, values)) >>> print dictionary {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}

Sorted list

Get sorted list from non-sorted:

Code Block
lst_sorted = sorted(lst)

Define non-default order of elements:

Code Block
    def __cmp__(self, otherdef getListOfFilesInDir(dirname) :
    return os.listdir(dirname)

def printListOfFilesInDir(dirname) :
    print 'List of files in the dir.', dirname
    for name in os.listdir(dirname) :
        print name"""Method for sorted()"""
    print '\n'

Parsing the pathname

Code Block
   if self.begin  < other.begin root, ext = os.path.splitext(path) # i.e. path='root-part.tail-part': return -1
        if self.begin  > other.begin : return  1
        basenameif self.begin == os.path.basename(path)other.begin : 
        dirname    =if os.path.dirname(path)
self.end  < other.end : return  1 lexist# inverse comparison  = os.path.lexists(path)for end
        isfile    =if os.path.isfile(path)self.end  > other.end : return -1 
        isdir    if self.end == other.end : return  0

 

Exceptions

Standard exceptions

Raise exceprion

Code Block
if not os.path.isdirlexists(pathfname)
 : raise IOError('File %s is not available' % fname)

Catch exception

Code Block
 head, tail= os.path.split(path)   try # i.e. path='head-part/tail-part'
...

http://docs.python.org/library/os.path.html

Joint path and name

Code Block
:
         plf path_name = os.path.join(path,PeakListFile(fname)

Useful string parsing options

http://docs.python.org/library/string.html

Code Block
     string.rsplit(str, sep, maxsplit)
except Exception as e:
     string.capitalize(word)
    string.lower(s)print 'We cought exception: %s' % e

User defined exception

Code Block
class MyError(Exception):
    start = string.find(symbolic_string, pattern)
    pattern_length = len(pattern)

http://docs.python.org/library/parser.html?

Or use more shorter methods for str object:
http://docs.python.org/library/stdtypes.html, for example:

Code Block
    par_str = line[pos_eq+1:].strip(' ').rstrip('\n')

Replace the part of the string

Code Block
 my_string.replace("abcde","cde")

 

String formatting

Code Block
s = 'some text %s  %s' % (msg.ljust(30), str(val).rjust(30)

List of comprehension

list_of_x2 = [x*x for x in list_of_x]

list_of_x_selected = [x for x,y in zip(list_of_x, list_of_y) if y>0]

 

Python - useful references

Built-in functions

http://docs.python.org/library/functions.html

setattr - gives dynamic variables in python

http://docs.python.org/library/functions.html#setattr

 

 

PyQt4

PyQt4 class references

All classes
Selected:

Open/close/move other GUI window

Try to close window if its object exists, othervise - open:

def __init__(self, value):
        self.value = value
    def __str__(self):
        return repr(self.value)
...
try:
    raise MyError(2*2)
except MyError as e:
    print 'My exception occurred, value:', e.value

 

Manipulation with directories and files

Access to files in the derectory

Code Block
def getListOfFilesInDir(dirname) :
    return os.listdir(dirname)

def printListOfFilesInDir(dirname) :
    print 'List of files in the dir.', dirname
    for name in os.listdir(dirname) :
        print name
    print '\n'

Parsing the pathname

Code Block
path = '/reg/d/psdm/cxi/cxif5315/calib/pnccd/pnccd-123456.data'

root, ext = os.path.splitext(path) # ('/reg/d/psdm/cxi/cxif5315/calib/pnccd/pnccd-123456', '.data') # or '' if something is missing
basename  = os.path.basename(path) # pnccd-123456.data 
dirname   = os.path.dirname(path)  # /reg/d/psdm/cxi/cxif5315/calib/pnccd
lexist    = os.path.lexists(path)  # False
isfile    = os.path.isfile(path)   # False
isdir     = os.path.isdir(path)    # False
head, tail= os.path.split(path)    # ('/reg/d/psdm/cxi/cxif5315/calib/pnccd', 'pnccd-123456.data') # or '' if something is missing
...

http://docs.python.org/library/os.path.html

Join list of strings

Code Block
s = ' '.join(sys.argv)

Join path and name

Code Block
Code Block
    def processConfigPars(self):
        print 'processConfigPars'
        try :
            cp.confpars.guiconfigparameters.close()
        except : # AttributeError: #NameError 
            cp.confpars.guiconfigparameters = guiconfigpars.GUIConfigParameters()
            cp.confpars.guiconfigparameters.move(self.pos().__add__(QtCore.QPoint(100,330))) # window offset
            # or use self.parentWidget().pos() for combined widgets:
           path_name #= cpos.guifilebrowserpath.move(self.parentWidget().pos().__add__(QtCore.QPoint(240,40)))
            cp.confpars.guiconfigparameters.show()
Note

Sometime it looks like the window does not want to move in specified position...
In particular I have observed, that everything is going correct untill the w.show(). then, suddenly happens moveEvent(), which changes the self.pos(). In my case it happened because at construction of the combined window, its size was changed and it was moved in origin... Reservation of larger window size solved this problem.

Close window and delete object

Code Block
    def closeEvent(self, event):
        try: # try to delete self object in the cp.confpars
            del cp.confpars.guiconfigparameters 
        except # AttributeError:
            pass # silently ignore

Change style of buttons depending on status

For particular QPushButton it works:

join(path,fname)

Check if string contains pattern

Code Block
exp = 'xpptut13'
if 'tut' is in exp : <do something>

String alignment

Code Block
msg = '%s' % (k.ljust(16))

Useful string parsing options

http://docs.python.org/library/string.html

Code Block
    string.rsplit(str, sep, maxsplit)
    string.capitalize(word)
    string.lower(s)
    start = string.find(symbolic_string, pattern)
    pattern_length = len(pattern)

http://docs.python.org/library/parser.html?

Or use more shorter methods for str object:
http://docs.python.org/library/stdtypes.html, for example:

Code Block
    par_str = line[pos_eq+1:].strip(' ').rstrip('\n')

Replace the part of the string

Code Block
 my_string.replace("abcde","cde")

String formatting

Code Block
s = 'some text %s  %s' % (msg.ljust(30), str(val).rjust(30)

Class string properties

Code Block
    print 'string properties:'
    print 'punctuation    :  ', string.punctuation
    print 'digits
Code Block
self.but_path = QtGui.QPushButton('File:')
self.but_path.setObjectName('but_path')
self.but_path.setStyleSheet('QPushButton#but_path:pressed  {color: black; background-color: green;}' +
                    :  ', string.digits
    print 'QPushButton#but_path:disabled {color: white; background-color: pink;}' +
    octdigits      :  ', string.octdigits
    print 'hexdigits      :  ', string.hexdigits
    print 'ascii_letters  :  ', string.ascii_letters
    print 'ascii_lowercase:  ', string.ascii_lowercase
    print 'ascii_uppercase:  ', string.ascii_uppercase
     'QPushButtonprint 'lowercase      :  ', string.lowercase
    print 'uppercase      :  ', string.uppercase
    print 'letters        :  ', string.letters
    print 'printable      :  ', string.printable
    print 'whitespace     :  ', string.whitespace

Class name

Code Block
self.__class__.__name__

Function name

Code Block
sys._getframe().f_code.co_name

Function parameters

Code Block
locals() # returns (dict) of method input parameters

Converting integer to bin(), oct(), hex() string

using built-in functions

Code Block
ival = 123456
str_bin = bin(ival)
str_oct = oct(ival)
str_hex = hex(ival)

Time stamp

Code Block
from time import localtime, gmtime, strftime, clock, time

time_sec = time() # epoch time

def get_current_local_time_stamp(fmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z'):
    return strftime(fmt, localtime())

def get_current_gm_time_stamp(fmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z'):
    return strftime(fmt, gmtime())

def get_local_time_str(time_sec, fmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z'):
    return strftime(fmt, localtime(time_sec))

def get_gm_time_str(time_sec, fmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z'):
    return strftime(fmt, gmtime(time_sec))

Set PYTHONPATH

In command-line:

Code Block
setenv PYTHONPATH /reg/neh/home1/dubrovin/LCLS/git-work/pyapps:${PYTHONPATH}

In cshell script:

Code Block
alias setpp 'setenv PYTHONPATH /reg/neh/home1/dubrovin/LCLS/git-work/pyapps:${PYTHONPATH}'

In code:

Code Block
import os
os.environ['PYTHONPATH'] = '/reg/neh/home1/dubrovin/LCLS/git-work/pyapps:%s' % os.environ.get('PYTHONPATH', '')

Replace symbols in string

Code Block
text.replace("|",":").replace("-",".")
range.replace('9999','end')
msg.replace('\n',' ')

List of comprehension

list_of_x2 = [x*x for x in list_of_x]

list_of_x_selected = [x for x,y in zip(list_of_x, list_of_y) if y>0]

map -  built-in method

Code Block
def f(x,y) :
    return x if y>0 else -x

list = map(f, arrX, arrY)

Constructor, destructor etc.

Code Block
class PeakListFile :
    def __init__(self, fname) :
	    print 'constructor'
        self.f=open(fname,'r')

    def __del__(self) :
	    print 'destructor'
        try :
            self.f.close()

    def __call__(self) :
	    print 'this is a default method of this object called as obj()'

Polymorphism

Derived class initialization

Code Block
class Base :
    def __init__(self) :
       ...
       
class Derived(Base) :
    def __init__(self) :
        Base.__init__(self)
        # OR
        super(Derived, self).__init__()

Create/save temporary file

Code Block
import tempfile
tmp_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode='r+b',suffix='.tiff')
tfile = tmp_file.name

Good example of __main__

Code Block
import sys

def test_all() :
    print _sep_, '\n%s' % sys._getframe().f_code.co_name
    test_ricker()
    test_morlet()

#------------------------------
if __name__ == "__main__" :
    from time import time
    tname = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else '0'
    print 50*'_', '\nTest %s:' % tname
    t0_sec = time()
    if   tname == '0': test_all() 
    elif tname == '1': test_ricker()
    elif tname == '2': test_morlet()
    else : print 'Not-recognized test name: %s' % tname
    msg = 'End of test %s, consumed time (sec) = %.6f' % (tname, time()-t0_sec)
    sys.exit(msg)

Virtualenv

Code Block
virtualenv dir-name
source <directoryName>/bin/activate.csh # for tcsh
# or
source <directoryName>/bin/activate     # for bash
pip install <packageName>

... work

deactivate

Python - useful references

Built-in functions

http://docs.python.org/library/functions.html

setattr, getattr - set/get dynamic variables in python

http://docs.python.org/library/functions.html#setattr

PyQt4

Know How

  • QGraphicsScene item priority is set by setZValue(v)
  • All re-implemented Event methods like {{mouseMoveEvent(self, e)}} etc. in items will get control only if QGraphicsView their default version will be called.

PyQt4 class references

All classes
Selected:

Open/close/move other GUI window

Try to close window if its object exists, othervise - open:

Code Block
    def processConfigPars(self):
        print 'processConfigPars'
        try :
            cp.confpars.guiconfigparameters.close()
        except : # AttributeError: #NameError 
            cp.confpars.guiconfigparameters = guiconfigpars.GUIConfigParameters()
            cp.confpars.guiconfigparameters.move(self.pos().__add__(QtCore.QPoint(100,330))) # window offset
            # or use self.parentWidget().pos() for combined widgets:
            # cp.guifilebrowser.move(self.parentWidget().pos().__add__(QtCore.QPoint(240,40)))
            cp.confpars.guiconfigparameters.show()
Note

Sometime it looks like the window does not want to move in specified position...
In particular I have observed, that everything is going correct untill the w.show(). then, suddenly happens moveEvent(), which changes the self.pos(). In my case it happened because at construction of the combined window, its size was changed and it was moved in origin... Reservation of larger window size solved this problem.

Close window and delete object

Code Block
    def closeEvent(self, event):
        try: # try to delete self object in the cp.confpars
            del cp.confpars.guiconfigparameters 
        except # AttributeError:
            pass # silently ignore

Change style of buttons depending on status

For particular QPushButton it works:

Code Block
self.but_path = QtGui.QPushButton('File:')
self.but_path.setObjectName('but_path')
self.but_path.setStyleSheet('QPushButton#but_path:pressed  {color: black; background-color: green;}' +
                            'QPushButton#but_path:disabled {color: white; background-color: pink;}' +
                            'QPushButton                   {color:  blue; background-color: yellow;}')

For entire application it should be like:

Code Block
app = QtGui.QApplication.instance()
app.setStyleSheet('QLabel{color: #fff;} QPushButton{background-color: #000; color: #fff}')

but does not work for me...

Make window visible on the top

Code Block
 widg.raise_()

Scroll down text in

Assuming

Code Block
 self.box_txt = QtGui.QTextEdit()
 self.box_txt.setText('some text')
 self.box_txt.append('a lot of additional text, exceeding the window size')
 self.box_txt.ensureCursorVisible()

Scroll bar can be used, but result is not seen imidiately:

Code Block
  scrol_bar_v = self.box_txt.verticalScrollBar() # QScrollBar
  scrol_bar_v.setValue(scrol_bar_v.maximum())

Moving text cursor with repaint() works immidiately:

Code Block
  self.box_txt.moveCursor(QtGui.QTextCursor.End)
  self.box_txt.repaint()

Set optimal table-widget size

Code Block
    self.table = QtGui.QTableWidget(rows, cols, self)
    ...
    self.table.setFixedWidth(self.table.horizontalHeader().length() + 4)
    self.table.setFixedHeight(self.table.verticalHeader().length() + 29)

Show image in QLabel

Assumes:

Code Block
class GUIImage ( QtGui.QLabel ) :
    def __init__ (self, parent=None, app=None) :

        QtGui.QLabel.__init__(self, parent)

        self.setGeometry(200, 100, 100, 100)
        self.setWindowTitle('Image For Grabber')

        self.setFrame()
        ...

i.e. self is an instance of QLabel.

Set pixmap for image

Code Block
    def setPixmapForImage(self):
        if self.r_pixmap == None :
            self.s_pixmap = None
            self.clear()
        else :
            self.s_pixmap = self.r_pixmap.scaled(self.size(), QtCore.Qt.KeepAspectRatio)
            self.setPixmap(self.s_pixmap)
            self.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignTop | QtCore.Qt.AlignLeft)
            self.setScailedMask()

Grab image from monitor

Code Block
    import tempfile    
    def grabImage(self):
        fname = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode='r+b',suffix='.ppm')
        if( 0 == os.system('import -trim -frame -border %s' % (fname.name))) :
            self.r_pixmap = QtGui.QPixmap(QtGui.QImage(fname.name,'.ppm')) 
            self.setPixmapForImage()

Supported in QImage formats: 

FormatDescriptionQt's support
BMPWindows BitmapRead/write
GIFGraphic Interchange Format (optional)Read
JPGJoint Photographic Experts GroupRead/write
JPEGJoint Photographic Experts GroupRead/write
PNGPortable Network GraphicsRead/write
PBMPortable BitmapRead
PGMPortable GraymapRead
PPMPortable PixmapRead/write
TIFFTagged Image File FormatRead/write
XBMX11 BitmapRead/write
XPMX11 PixmapRead/write

 

Grab entire monitor window

Code Block
    def grabEntireWindow(self):
         {color:  blue; background-color: yellow;}')

For entire application it should be like:

Code Block
app = self.r_pixmap = QtGui.QPixmap.grabWindow(QtGui.QApplication.instancedesktop()
app.setStyleSheet('QLabel{color: #fff;} QPushButton{background-color: #000; color: #fff}')

but does not work for me...

Make window visible on the top

Code Block
 widg.raise_()

Scroll down text in

Assuming

Code Block
 self.box_txt = QtGui.QTextEdit()
 self.box_txt.setText('some text')
 self.box_txt.append('a lot of additional text, exceeding the window size')
 self.box_txt.ensureCursorVisible()

Scroll bar can be used, but result is not seen imidiately:

Code Block
  scrol_bar_v = self.box_txt.verticalScrollBar() # QScrollBar
  scrol_bar_v.setValue(scrol_bar_v.maximum())

Moving text cursor with repaint() works immidiately:

Code Block
  self.box_txt.moveCursor(QtGui.QTextCursor.End)
  self.box_txt.repaint()

Set optimal table-widget size

Code Block
    self.table = QtGui.QTableWidget(rows, cols, self)
    ...
    self.table.setFixedWidth(self.table.horizontalHeader().length() + 4)
    self.table.setFixedHeight(self.table.verticalHeader().length() + 29)

Show image in QLabel

Assumes:

winId())
        self.setPixmapForImage()

Load image from file

Code Block
   def loadImageFromFile(self, fname) : 
        #Read formats: bmp, jpg, jpeg, png, ppm, xbm, xpm + gif, pbm, pgm, 
        self.r_pixmap = QtGui.QPixmap(QtGui.QImage(fname))     
        self.setPixmapForImage()

Set the mask to suppress the background layer

Code Block
    def setScailedMask(self):
        size = self.s_pixmap.size()
        print 'Scaled pixmap size: %d x %d' % (size.width(), size.height())
        #==================================
        self.qimage_mask = QtGui.QImage(size, QtGui.QImage.Format_Mono)
        self.qimage_mask.fill(0)
        self.qbitmap_mask = QtGui.QBitmap.fromImage(self.qimage_mask)
Code Block
class GUIImage ( QtGui.QLabel ) :
    def __init__ (self, parent=None, app=None) :

        QtGuiself.QLabel.__init__(self, parent)

s_pixmap.setMask(self.qbitmap_mask)
         self.setGeometry(200, 100, 100, 100)#==================================

Save image in file

Code Block
    def saveImageInFile(self, fname='test.png'): 
        self.setWindowTitle('Image For Grabber')

        self.setFrame()
#Write formats: bmp, jpg, jpeg, png, pbm, pgm, ppm, xbm, xpm
         ...

i.e. self is an instance of QLabel.

Set pixmap for image

Code Block
    def setPixmapForImage(self):
if self.r_pixmap is not None :
           if self.r_pixmap == None :
    .save(fname, format=None)

Set transparent frame

Code Block
    def setFrame(self):
        self.s_pixmapframe = NoneQtGui.QFrame(self)
            self.clear()
        else :
    frame.setFrameStyle( QtGui.QFrame.Box | QtGui.QFrame.Sunken ) #Box, Panel | Sunken, Raised 
        self.s_pixmap = self.r_pixmap.scaled(self.size(), QtCore.Qt.KeepAspectRatio)
    frame.setLineWidth(0)
        self.frame.setPixmap(self.s_pixmapsetMidLineWidth(1)
            self.frame.setAlignmentsetGeometry(QtCore.Qt.AlignTop | QtCore.Qt.AlignLeftself.rect())
        #self.frame.setVisible(False)
            self.frame.setScailedMask()

...

setStyleSheet('background: transparent;')

Resize event

Code Block
    def grabImageresizeEvent(self, e):
        fnames = tempfileself.NamedTemporaryFile(mode='r+b',suffix='.ppm'size()
        if( 0 == os.system('import -trim -frame -border %s' % (fname.name))) :self.frame.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0,0,s.width(),s.height()))
            self.r_pixmap = QtGui.QPixmap(QtGui.QImage(fname.name)) 
            self.setPixmapForImage()

Grab entire monitor window

Code Block
    def grabEntireWindow(self):
        self.r_pixmap = QtGui.QPixmap.grabWindow(QtGui.QApplication.desktop().winId())
        self.setPixmapForImage()

Load image from file

self.setPixmapForImage()

Get window size and position

Global (top-left) point of the window on monitor:

point = self.mapToGlobal(QtCore.QPoint(0,0)) - changing in resizeEvent(...) and moveEvent(...)

x,y,w,h = size.size().x(), size.size().y(), size.size().width(), size.size().height()

where  - w and h changing in resizeEvent(...),

x,y changing in moveEvent(...) only.

Window relative dims: rect = self.rect() - changing in resizeEvent(...)

Show image in QtGui.QGraphicsView

QGraphicsView is a class with scrolled graph window...

 

Repaint widget immediately when its property is changed

When QPushButton is pressed and connected method is called, all button properties stay unchanged until the method. In order to see current changes one has to repaint widget. For example:

Code Block
 
Code Block
   def loadImageFromFile(self, fname) : 
        #Read formats: bmp, jpg, jpeg, png, ppm, xbm, xpm + gif, pbm, pgm, 
        self.r_pixmap = QtGui.QPixmap(QtGui.QImage(fname))     
        self.setPixmapForImage()

Set the mask to suppress the background layer

Code Block
    def setScailedMask(self):
but_elog.setStyleSheet(cp.styleButton) 
          size = self.sbut_pixmapelog.sizesetEnabled(False)
         print  'Scaled pixmap size: %d x %d' % (size.width(), size.height()) self.repaint()

Dialog boxes

For password

Code Block
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    w = QtGui.QInputDialog()
    w.show()
    #==================================
        self.qimage_mask = QtGui.QImage(size, QtGui.QImage.Format_Monomsg = 'To use %s and submitt messages in ELog\nauthentication for user %s is required\nPassword:' % (sys.argv[0], opts.usr)
    text, ok = w.getText(None, 'Authentication', msg, QtGui.QLineEdit.Password)
        self.qimage_mask.fill(0)w.close()
...

 

Graphics in PyQt4

Code Block
...
        self.qbitmap_maskpoi1  = QtGuiQtCore.QBitmap.fromImage(self.qimage_maskQPoint(0,0)
        self.s_pixmap.setMask(self.qbitmap_mask)
        #==================================

Save image in file

Code Block
poi2  = QtCore.QPoint(0,0)
       def saveImageInFile(self,.rect1 fname='test.png'): 
 QtCore.QRect()
        self.rect2 = QtCore.QRect()

 #Write formats: bmp, jpg, jpeg, png, pbm, pgm, ppm, xbm, xpm self.pen1 = QtGui.QPen(QtCore.Qt.black) 
        if self.r_pixmappen2 is not None :
  = QtGui.QPen(QtCore.Qt.white) 
          self.r_pixmappen1.save(fname, format=None)

Set transparent frame

Code Block
setStyle(QtCore.Qt.DashLine) 
       def setFrame(self):self.pen2.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.DashLine) 
        self.frame = QtGui.QFrame(self)pen1.setWidthF(1) 
        self.framepen2.setFrameStyle( QtGui.QFrame.Box | QtGui.QFrame.Sunken ) #Box, Panel | Sunken, Raised setWidthF(1)
...

     def paintEvent(self, e):
        super(GUIImage,self).frame.setLineWidthpaintEvent(0e)
        self.frame.setMidLineWidth(1qp = QtGui.QPainter()
        self.frame.setGeometry(self.rect())
        #self.frame.setVisible(False)
        self.frame.setStyleSheet('background: transparent;')

Resize event

Code Block
    def resizeEvent(self, e):# or QPainter can be defined earlier and use it as   qp = self.qp
        qp.begin(self)
        s = self.size(#self.drawPixmap(qp)
        self.frame.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0,0,s.width(),s.height()))drawRect(qp)
        self.setPixmapForImage()

Show image in QtGui.QGraphicsView

QGraphicsView is a class with scrolled graph window...

Graphics in PyQt4

Code Block
...qp.end()
        self.poi1update()

    =def QtCore.QPointsetPen(0self,0 qp):
        self.poi2.pen.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.DashLine) 
       = QtCore.QPoint(0,0)
self.pen.setWidthF(1) 

    def drawRect(self, qp):
        if self.rect1r_pixmap = QtCore.QRect()
= None:
         self.rect2  = QtCore.QRect()return

        p1x, self.pen1p1y = QtGuiself.poi1.QPen(QtCore.Qt.black) x(), self.poi1.y()
        self.pen2p2x, p2y = QtGuiself.poi2.QPen(QtCore.Qt.white) x(), self.poi2.y()

        self.pen1.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.DashLine) 
R=1
        if self.pen2.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.DashLine) 
abs(p2x-p1x) < R : return
        if self.pen1.setWidthF(1) abs(p2y-p1y) < R : return

        self.pen2rect1.setWidthF(1)
...

setCoords( p1x,   p1y,  def paintEvent(selfp2x, e  p2y):
        super(GUIImage,self).paintEvent(eself.rect2.setCoords( p1x+1, p1y+1, p2x-1, p2y-1)
        qp.setPen = QtGui(self.QPainter(pen1)
        # or QPainter can be defined earlier and use it as   qp = self.qpqp.drawRect(self.rect1);
        qp.setPen  (self.pen2)
        qp.begindrawRect(self.rect2);


    def    #self.drawPixmap(self, qp):
        if self.drawRect(qp)r_pixmap != None:
            qp.end()
drawPixmap(0,0,self.s_pixmap)

See other draw options in QPainter class reference.

Style options

Code Block
    self.styleTransp = "background-color:  self.update()

rgb(255,   0,  def setPen(self0, qp100):;"
    self.styleTitle  = "background-color: rgb(239, 235,  self.pen.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.DashLine) 
    231, 255); color: rgb(100, 160, 100);" # Gray bkgd
    self.pen.setWidthF(1) 

    def drawRect(self, qp):
    styleWhite  = "background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" 
    if self.r_pixmapstyleTitleBold == None:
            return
 self.styleTitle + 'font-size: 18pt; font-family: Courier; font-weight: bold;'
    self.styleWhiteFixed= self.styleWhite +  p1x, p1y ='font-family: Fixed;'

    self.poi1.x(), self.poi1.y(colorEditInfo = QtGui.QColor(100, 255, 200)
    self.colorEditBad    p2x= QtGui.QColor(255, p2y = self.poi2.x(), self.poi2.y()

 0,   0)
    self.colorEdit     R=1
   QtGui.QColor('white') 

      if abs(p2x-p1x) < R : returnself.but_close .setStyleSheet (cp.styleButton)
    self.but_close .setFlat(True)
   if abs(p2y-p1y) < R : return

     self.but_logger.setVisible(True) 
    self.box_txt   .setReadOnly(True)
    self.rect1.setCoords( p1x,   p1y,   p2x,   p2y)
    tit_title .setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignTop | QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
    self.but_logger.setIcon(cp.icon_contents)

    self.setMinimumWidth(400)
    self.rect2.setCoords( p1x+1, p1y+1, p2x-1, p2y-1setMinimumHeight(320)
    self.setMinimumSize(600,700)
        qp.setPen  (self.pen1)
self.setFixedHeight(350)

Icons

Code Block
     path =  qp.drawRect(self.rect1);'./icons/'
     self.icon_contents =  qp.setPen  (self.pen2QtGui.QIcon(path + 'contents.png')
        qp.drawRectself.but_logger.setIcon(cp.icon_contents)

Tooltips

Code Block
(self.rect2);


    def drawPixmap(self, qp):
  self.edi_usr.setToolTip('Sender of the message')

Matplotlib

In examples below we assume

Code Block
fig =  if self.r_pixmap != None:
            qp.drawPixmap(0,0,self.s_pixmap)

See other draw options in QPainter class reference.

Style options

Code Block
    self.styleTransp = "background-color: rgb(255,   0,   0, 100);"
    self.styleTitle  = "background-color: rgb(239, 235, 231, 255); color: rgb(100, 160, 100);" # Gray bkgd
    self.styleWhite  = "background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" 
    self.styleTitleBold = self.styleTitle + 'font-size: 18pt; font-family: Courier; font-weight: bold;'
    self.styleWhiteFixed= self.styleWhite + 'font-family: Fixed;'

    self.colorEditInfo = QtGui.QColor(100, 255, 200)
    self.colorEditBad  = QtGui.QColor(255,   0,   0)
    self.colorEdit     = QtGui.QColor('white') 

    self.but_close .setStyleSheet (cp.styleButton)
    self.but_close .setFlat(True)
    self.but_logger.setVisible(True) 
    self.box_txt   .setReadOnly(True)
    self.tit_title .setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignTop | QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
    self.but_logger.setIcon(cp.icon_contents)

    self.setMinimumWidth(400)
    self.setMinimumHeight(320)
    self.setMinimumSize(600,700)
    self.setFixedHeight(350)

Icons

Code Block
     path = './icons/'
     self.icon_contents = QtGui.QIcon(path + 'contents.png')
     self.but_logger.setIcon(cp.icon_contents)

Tooltips

Code Block
        self.edi_usr.setToolTip('Sender of the message')

Matplotlib

In examples below we assume

Code Block
fig = plt.figure(num=1, figsize=(10,10), dpi=100, facecolor='w',edgecolor='w',frameon=True)
axes = fig.add_subplot(111)
axim = axes.imshow(arrwin, interpolation='nearest', origin='bottom', aspect='auto', extent=[xmin, xmax, ymax, ymin])

Save figure in file

Code Block
fig.savefig(fname, dpi=240)

Clear figure

Code Block
fig.clear()

Graphic

Code Block
axes.plot(xarr1, yarr1, '-r', xarr2, yarr2,  '-g')

Histogram

Code Block
axes.hist(arr, bins=100, range=(10,50), log=False) # log for vertical scale only

Image (with colorbar)

plt.figure(num=1, figsize=(10,10), dpi=100, facecolor='w',edgecolor='w',frameon=True)
axes = fig.add_subplot(111)
axim = axes.imshow(arrwin, interpolation='nearest', origin='bottom', aspect='auto', extent=[xmin, xmax, ymax, ymin])

Save figure in file

Code Block
fig.savefig(fname, dpi=240)

Clear figure

Code Block
fig.clear()

Graphic

Code Block
import pyimgalgos.Graphics as gr
axes.clear()
axes.plot(xarr1, yarr1, '-r', xarr2, yarr2,  '-g')
gr.show(mode='do_not_hold') 

Histogram

Code Block
axes.clear()
axes.hist(arr, bins=100, range=(10,50), log=False) # log for vertical scale only

Image (with colorbar)

Code Block
img = axes.imshow(arr2d, interpolation='nearest', origin='bottom', aspect='auto')
img.set_clim(Amin,Amax)

cbar = self.fig.colorbar(img, orientation='vertical', \
                         fraction=0.1, pad=0.01, shrink=1.0, aspect=20)

        # fraction - of the 2d plot occupied by the color bar
        # pad      - is a space between 2d image and color bar
        # shrink   - factor for the length of the color bar
        # aspect   - ratio length/width of the color bar

Color bar as a separate sub-plot

Code Block
axcb = fig.add_axes([0.1,  0.1, 0.8, 0.1]) # x0, y0, width, height
cbar = fig.colorbar(img, cax=axcb, orientation='horizontal', \
                    fraction=0.1, pad=0.01, shrink=1.0, aspect=20)
axcb.xaxis.set_ticks_position('top') # change position of axis labels

Define subplot(s) with empty axes

Code Block
axes  = fig.add_subplot(111)

or

Code Block
axes1  = fig.add_subplot(211)        
axes2  = fig.add_subplot(212)

Make figure with non-equal subplots

Code Block
Code Block
img = axes.imshow(arr2d, interpolation='nearest', origin='bottom', aspect='auto')
img.set_clim(Amin,Amax)

cbar = self.fig.colorbar(img, orientation='vertical', \
          # x0, y0, width, height
axgr = fig.add_axes([0.1,  0.64, 0.80, 0.35])
axhi = fig.add_axes([0.1,  0.14, 0.35, 0.35])
axti =  fraction=fig.add_axes([0.55, 0.114, pad=0.01, shrink=1.0, aspect=20)

35, 0.35])

or using grid:

Code Block
import matplotlib.gridspec as gridspec
gs   = gridspec.GridSpec(20, 20)
# Naive direction        [  Y # fraction -, of the 2dX plot]
axsa occupied by the color bar
        # pad      - is a space between 2d image and color bar
        # shrink   - factor for the length of the color bar
        # aspect   - ratio length/width of the color bar

Color bar as a separate sub-plot

= fig.add_subplot(gs[ 1:16,  0:14])
axsb = fig.add_subplot(gs[ 1:16, 14:19])
axsc = fig.add_subplot(gs[16:  ,  0:14])

Set axes limits

Code Block
    
axes.set_xlim((-50,50))
axes.set_ylim((-10,210))

Draw line

Code Block
import matplotlib.lines  as lines
line = lines.Line2D(arrx, arry, linewidth=1, color='r')   
axes.add_artist(line)

Set a number of ticks along the axis

Code Block
from matplotlib.ticker import MaxNLocator
axes.xaxis.set_major_locator(MaxNLocator(4))

Axis without tick-labels

Code Block
import matplotlib.ticker as mtick
axes.xaxis.set_major_formatter( mtick.NullFormatter() )

Rotate axis tick-labels

Code Block
for label in axes.get_xticklabels() :
    label.set_rotation(60)
Code Block
axcb = fig.add_axes([0.1,  0.1, 0.8, 0.1]) # x0, y0, width, height
cbar = fig.colorbar(img, cax=axcb, orientation='horizontal', \
          # rotate by 60 degree
    label.set_horizontalalignment('center')  fraction=0.1, pad=0.01, shrink=1.0, aspect=20)
axcb.xaxis.set_ticks_position('top') # change position of axis labels

Define subplot(s) with empty axes

Code Block
axes  = fig.add_subplot(111)

or

Code Block
axes1  = fig.add_subplot(211)        
axes2  = fig.add_subplot(212)

Make figure with non-equal subplots

Code Block
                    # x0, y0, width, height
axgr = fig.add_axes([0.1,  0.64, 0.80, 0.35])
axhi = fig.add_axes([0.1,  0.14, 0.35, 0.35])
axti = fig.add_axes([0.55, 0.14, 0.35, 0.35])

or using grid:

Code Block
import matplotlib.gridspec as gridspec
gs   = gridspec.GridSpec(20, 20)
# Naive direction        [  Y   ,   X ]
axsa = fig.add_subplot(gs[ 1:16,  0:14])
axsb = fig.add_subplot(gs[ 1:16, 14:19])
axsc = fig.add_subplot(gs[16:  ,  0:14])

Set axes limits

Code Block
    
axes.set_xlim((-50,50))
axes.set_ylim((-10,210))

Draw line

Code Block
import matplotlib.lines  as lines
line = lines.Line2D(arrx, arry, linewidth=1, color='r')   
axes.add_artist(line)

Set a number of ticks along the axis

Code Block
from matplotlib.ticker import MaxNLocator
axes.xaxis.set_major_locator(MaxNLocator(4))

Axis without tick-labels

Code Block
import matplotlib.ticker as mtick
axes.xaxis.set_major_formatter( mtick.NullFormatter() )

Rotate axis tick-labels

# 'right', etc.

Change axis tick-label position on the plot

Code Block
axes.xaxis.set_ticks_position('top')
axes.yaxis.set_ticks_position('right')

Change axis tick-label font size

Code Block
axes.tick_params(axis='both', which='major', labelsize=8)

Axes labels and size

Code Block
axes.set_xlabel('Time index', fontsize=10)
axes.set_ylabel('dt(sec)', fontsize=8)

Axes labels with LaTeX symbols

Use raw string with LaTeX notations inside:

Code Block
axes.set_xlabel(r'$\rho A_i$')

Text in axes

Code Block
plt.text(x, y, text, fontsize=7, color='k', ha='left', rotation=45)
axes.text(x, y, text, fontsize=7, color='k', ha='left', rotation=45)

Window title for figure

Code Block
    fig  = plt.figure(figsize=(15,5), dpi=80, facecolor='w',edgecolor='w',frameon=True)
    fig.canvas.set_window_title('Image And Spectrum ' + u'\u03C6')

Axes title

Code Block
    
plt.title('Image',color='b',fontsize=20)
or
axes.set_title('Image',color='b',fontsize=20)

Log scale methods

Log values:

Code Block
    
from math import log10
log_vmin, log_vmax = log10(vmin), log10(vmax)

Log scale axes:

Code Block
axes.set_xscale('log')
axes.set_yscale('log')

Log scale image data:

Code Block
self.arr2d = np.log10(self.arrwin)
self.imsh = axis.imshow(self.arr2d, origin='upper', \
                                          interpolation='nearest', \
Code Block
for label in axes.get_xticklabels() :
    label.set_rotation(60)                  # rotate by 60 degree
    label.set_horizontalalignment('center') # 'right', etc.

Change axis tick-label position on the plot

Code Block
axes.xaxis.set_ticks_position('top')
axes.yaxis.set_ticks_position('right')

Change axis tick-label font size

Code Block
axes.tick_params(axis='both', which='major', labelsize=8)

Axes labels and size

Code Block
axes.set_xlabel('Time index', fontsize=10)
axes.set_ylabel('dt(sec)', fontsize=8)

Axes labels with LaTeX symbols

 extent=self.range, aspect='auto')
self.imsh.set_clim(log_vmin,log_vmax)

Histogram with log statistics (y axis)Use raw string with LaTeX notations inside:

Code Block
axes.set_xlabel(r'$\rho A_i$')

Text in axes

Code Block
plt.text(x, y, text, fontsize=7, color='k', ha='left', rotation=45)
axes.text(x, y, text, fontsize=7, color='k', ha='left', rotation=45)

Window title for figure

hist(self.arrwin.flatten(), bins=self.nbins, range=self.range_his, log=True)

Plot histogram with log bin size:

Code Block
logbins=10**np.linspace(log_vmin, log_vmax, nbins)
# or:
logbins=np.logspace(log_vmin, log_vmax, nbins)
self.axhi.hist(self.arrwin.flatten(), bins=logbins )

Window title

Code Block
Code Block
    fig  = plt.figure(figsize=(15,5), dpi=80, facecolor='w',edgecolor='w',frameon=True)
    fig.canvas.set_window_title('Image And Spectrum ' + u'\u03C6')

Axes title

Code Block
    
plt.title('Image',color='b',fontsize=20)
or
axes.set_title('Image',color='b',fontsize=20)

Log scale methods

...

' + u'\u03C6')

Add unicode symbols in string

Code Block
    
from math import log10
log_vmin, log_vmax str = log10(vmin), log10(vmax)

Log scale axes:

Code Block
axes.set_xscale('log')
axes.set_yscale('log')

Log scale image data:

 'Symbol phi: ' + u'\u03C6'

Get canvas and connect it with mouse buttons

Code Block
canvas = fig.canvas
canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event',   self.processMouseButtonPress) 
canvas.mpl_connect('button_release_event', self.processMouseButtonRelease) 
canvas.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event',  self.processMouseMotion)

...

    def processMouseButtonPress(self, event) :
        print 'MouseButtonPress'
        print 'event: xdata, ydata, x, y =', event.xdata, event.ydata, event.x, event.y
Code Block
self.arr2d = np.log10(self.arrwin)
self.imsh = axis.imshow(self.arr2d, origin='upper', \
        if event.inaxes == self.axgr : self.mousePressOnGraph(event)
        if event.inaxes == self.axti : self.mousePressOnGraph(event)
        if event.inaxes == self.axhi : self.mousePressOnHisto(event)

    interpolation='nearest', \
   if event.button == 1 : # 1=left, 2=middle, 3=right
            self.gr_xmin = float(event.xdata)

At the edge of matplotlib and PyQt4

We assume that everything is done in our backend basis:

Code Block
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('Qt4Agg')
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

Check and set backend

Code Block
import matplotlib
if matplotlib.get_backend() != 'Qt4Agg' : 
    matplotlib.use('Qt4Agg')

Get the current matplotlib figure window position on monitor

Code Block
pos =  extent=self.range, aspect='auto')
self.imsh.set_clim(log_vmin,log_vmax)

Histogram with log statistics (y axis):

Code Block
axes.hist(self.arrwin.flatten(), bins=self.nbins, range=self.range_his, log=True)

Plot histogram with log bin size:

Code Block
logbins=10**np.linspace(log_vmin, log_vmax, nbins)
# or:
logbins=np.logspace(log_vmin, log_vmax, nbins)
self.axhi.hist(self.arrwin.flatten(), bins=logbins )

Window title

Code Block
    
    fig.canvas.set_window_title('Image And Spectrum ' + u'\u03C6')

Add unicode symbols in string

Code Block
    
    str = 'Symbol phi: ' + u'\u03C6'

Get canvas and connect it with mouse buttons

fig.canvas.manager.window.pos()
print 'x,y=', pos.x(), pos.y()

Move the matplotlib figure window in certain (x,y) position

Code Block
fig.canvas.manager.window.move(x,y) # in pixels from top-left corner

or

Code Block
plt.get_current_fig_manager().window.move(90, 100)

For our backend starting from python 2.7.2:

Code Block
plt.get_current_fig_manager().window.geometry("+100+300")

Move the matplotlib figure window on top (of all pileup windows)

Code Block
fig.canvas.manager.window.activateWindow() # Makes window active
fig.canvas.manager.window.raise_()         # Moves window on top

the attribute trick is that the fig.canvas.manager.window returns the QtGui.QMainWindow, which is subclass of QtGui.QWidget with all that useful methods.

Add figure as a widget of the QtGui

Code Block
fig = plt.figure(num=None figsize=(5,10), dpi=100, facecolor='w',edgecolor='w',frameon=True)
vbox = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
vbox.addWidget(fig.canvas)    # Wraps figure canvas in widget 
self.setLayout(vbox)

How to recieve a signal in program when window is activated by the mouse click on frame ?

I do not know yet...

But, if you click on figure canvas (the region inside the window frame, use

Code Block
        fig.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', self.onButtonPressEvent) 

#Should be implemented something like:
    def onButtonPressEvent( self, event ):
Code Block
canvas = fig.canvas
canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event',   self.processMouseButtonPress) 
canvas.mpl_connect('button_release_event', self.processMouseButtonRelease) 
canvas.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event',  self.processMouseMotion)

...

    def processMouseButtonPress(self, event) :
        print 'MouseButtonPress'
        print 'event: xdata, ydata, x, y =', event.xdata, event.ydata, event.x, event.y

        if event.inaxes == self.axgr : self.mousePressOnGraph(event)
        if event.inaxes == self.axti : self.mousePressOnGraph(event)
        if event.inaxes == self.axhi : self.mousePressOnHisto(event)
"""Figure is picked"""
        if event.button == 1 : # 1=left, 2=middle, 3=right
 print 'click on fig number =', event.canvas.figure.number

Receive a signal in program when close window by the click on "X"

Code Block
           self.gr_xmin = float(event.xdata)

At the edge of matplotlib and PyQt4

We assume that everything is done in our backend basis:

Code Block
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('Qt4Agg')
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

Check and set backend

Code Block
import matplotlib
if matplotlib.get_backend() != 'Qt4Agg' : 
    matplotlib.use('Qt4Agg')

Get the current matplotlib figure window position on monitor

Code Block
pos = fig.canvas.manager.window.pos()
print 'x,y=', pos.x(), pos.y()

Move the matplotlib figure window in certain (x,y) position

Code Block
fig.canvas.manager.window.move(x,y) # in pixels from top-left corner

or

Code Block
plt.get_current_fig_manager().window.move(90, 100)

For our backend starting from python 2.7.2:

Code Block
plt.get_current_fig_manager().window.geometry("+100+300")

Move the matplotlib figure window on top (of all pileup windows)

fig.canvas.mpl_connect('close_event', self.onCloseEvent)

#Should be implemented something like:
    def onCloseEvent( self, event ):
        print 'close event, fig number =', event.canvas.figure.number

Close figure from program call

Code Block
plt.close( num ) # close figure with known number num
...
plt.close('all') # close all figures

Emit your own signal in PyQt4

Code Block
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore
class Drag ( QtCore.QObject ):
    def __init__(self) :
Code Block
fig.canvas.manager.window.activateWindow() # Makes window active
fig.canvas.manager.window.raise_()        QtCore.QObject.__init__(self, None) # Movesneed it windowfor on top

the attribute trick is that the fig.canvas.manager.window returns the QtGui.QMainWindow, which is subclass of QtGui.QWidget with all that useful methods.

Add figure as a widget of the QtGui

Code Block
fig = plt.figure(num=None figsize=(5,10), dpi=100, facecolor='w',edgecolor='w',frameon=True)
vbox = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
vbox.addWidget(fig.canvas)    # Wraps figure canvas in widget 
self.setLayout(vbox)

How to recieve a signal in program when window is activated by the mouse click on frame ?

I do not know yet...

But, if you click on figure canvas (the region inside the window frame, use

signal exchange...
    ...

        self.emit( QtCore.SIGNAL('new_xy_center(int,int)'), x, y)

Receive your own signal in PyQt4

Code Block
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore 
class BatchJobCorAna( QtCore.QObject ) : 
    def __init__(self) :
Code Block
        figQtCore.canvasQObject.mpl_connect('button_press_event', self.onButtonPressEvent) 

#Should be implemented something like:__init__(self, None) # need it for signal exchange...
    ...

    def onButtonPressEventconnectToThread1( self, event ):
        """Figure is picked"""
    #try : self.connect( thread1, QtCore.SIGNAL('update(QString)'), self.updateStatus )
    print 'click on fig numbertry =',: event.canvas.figure.number

Receive a signal in program when close window by the click on "X"

Code Block
        fig.canvas.mpl_connect('close_event', self.onCloseEvent)

#Should be implemented something like:
    def onCloseEvent( self, event ):self.connect( thread1, QtCore.SIGNAL('new_xy_center(int,int)'), self.updateStatus )
        except : logger.warning('connectToThread1 IS FAILED !!!', __name__)

        print 'close event, fig number =', event.canvas.figure.number

Close figure from program call

Code Block
plt.close( num ) # close figure with known number num
...
plt.close('all') # close all figures

Emit your own signal in PyQt4

Code Block
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore
class Drag ( QtCore.QObject ):
    def __init__(self) :
        QtCore.QObject.__init__(self, None) # need it for signal exchange...
    ...

        self.emit( QtCore.SIGNAL('new_xy_center(int,int)'), x, y)

Receive your own signal in PyQt4

Code Block
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore 
class BatchJobCorAna( QtCore.QObject ) : 
    def __init__(self) :
        QtCore.QObject.__init__(self, None) # need it for signal exchange...
    ...

    def connectToThread1(self):
        #try : self.connect( thread1, QtCore.SIGNAL('update(QString)'), self.updateStatus )
        try : self.connect( thread1, QtCore.SIGNAL('new_xy_center(int,int)'), self.updateStatus )
        except : logger.warning('connectToThread1 IS FAILED !!!', __name__)

    def updateStatus(self, x, y):
        print 'BatchJobCorAna: Signal is recieved, x,y=', x, y

where thread1 is an object emiting the signal.

NumPy

Import

Code Block
#!/usr/bin/env python
  import numpy as np

Read numpy array from text file

Code Block
    nparr = np.loadtxt('arr.txt', dtype=np.float)

errors = 0.5*np.random.normal(size=len(yn))

Save numpy arrays

Code Block
    np.savetxt(fname, array) # , fmt='%f')
    np.save(fname, array)
    np.savez(fname, [array1, array2,...])

Save image in 8-bit TIFF file

Code Block
bgColor#DDFFFF
import scipy.misc as scim
    scim.imsave('fname.tiff', arr2d)

Other supported formats: gif, pdf, png, jpeg, eps

 

Save image in 16-bit TIFF file

Code Block
bgColor#DDFFFF
import Image
img = Image.fromarray(arr.astype(np.int16))  # or int32
img.save('fname.tiff')
 

Read image from TIFF file

...

bgColor#DDFFFF
def updateStatus(self, x, y):
        print 'BatchJobCorAna: Signal is recieved, x,y=', x, y

where thread1 is an object emiting the signal.

NumPy

Import

Code Block
#!/usr/bin/env python
  import numpy as np

Load numpy array from text file

Code Block
    nparr = np.loadtxt('arr.txt', dtype=np.float)

Load numpy array from *.npy file

Code Block
    nparr = np.load('arr.npy')

errors = 0.5*np.random.normal(size=len(yn))

Save numpy arrays

Code Block
    np.savetxt(fname, array) # , fmt='%f')
    np.save(fname, array)
    np.savez(fname, [array1, array2,...])

Save image in 8-bit TIFF file

Code Block
bgColor#DDFFFF
import scipy.misc as scim
    scim.imsave('fname.tiff', arr2d)

Other supported formats: gif, pdf, png, jpeg, eps

Check tiff file

To check tiff file format one may use command:

% identify -verbose <file-name>.tiff

Save image in 16-bit TIFF file

Code Block
bgColor#DDFFFF
import Image
img = Image.fromarray(arr.astype(np.int16))  # or int32
img.save('fname.tiff')
 

Read image from TIFF file

Code Block
bgColor#DDFFFF
import scipy.misc as scim
    arr2d = scim.imread('fname.tiff')

2-d Array rotation by n*90 degree

Code Block
#!/usr/bin/env python
import numpy as np

a = np.arange(12.).reshape((4, 3))
print 'Input array a=\n',a
print 'rotation for  90 flipud(a.T)=\n',np.flipud(a.T)
print 'rotation for 180 flipud(np.fliplr(a))=\n',np.flipud(np.fliplr(a))
print 'rotation for 270 fliplr(a.T)=\n',np.fliplr(a.T)

Fill histograms using np.bincount

Code Block
binstat = np.bincount(self.rbinind.flatten(), weights=self.mask.flatten(), minlength=self.rrange[2])
bin_integral = np.bincount(self.rbinind.flatten(), weights=image.flatten(), minlength=self.rrange[2])

 

Use np.select

Code Block
V = np.array(...)
Vmin, Vmax, Nbins1 <--- scalar valuer
indarr = np.int32( factor * (V-Vmin) )
arr = np.select([V==Vmax, indarr<0, indarr>Nbins1], [Nbins1, 0, 0], default=indarr)

protected division:

Code Block
def divideZeroProteced(nda_num, nda_den, val_subst_zero=0) :
    pro_num = np.select([nda_den==0], [val_subst_zero], default=nda_num)
    pro_den = np.select([nda_den==0], [1],              default=nda_den)
    return pro_num / pro_den

 

...

SciPy

Import

Code Block
#!/usr/bin/env python
import numpy as np
from scipy.optimize import curve_fit

...