The speed of light in fibre is roughly 0.66*c where c is the velocity of light in vacuum. The speed of light in a vacuum is 299,792.458km/sec exactly or roughly 300km/sec (to
about 0.06% accuracy). Thus:
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Alpha = D(km) / (min_RTT[msec] * 100 [km/msec])
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Thus assuming no queuing (which is why we use min_RTT) and negligible network device delays: large values of Alpha close to one indicate a very direct path (i.e. a great circle route); smaller values usually indicate a very indirect path.
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